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As the temperature outside rises, it is important that we become aware of illnesses related to over-heating. Hyperthermia, an abnormally elevated body temperature, can lead to a variety of medical problems and potentially death. There are several signs and symptoms of heat-related illness that range from mild to severe. During a heat wave, it is imperative that we recognize and treat these signs and symptoms. Early recognition is the key to surviving a heat-related illness.
Some heat-related illnesses include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. Heat cramps and heat exhaustion are less severe forms of hyperthermia that can lead to heat stroke if left untreated. Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention to prevent death. Those with an increased risk of developing heat-related illness include the elderly, infants, persons with high
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blood pressure, obese individuals, and anyone exerting themselves in extreme heat.
Heat Cramps:
Heat cramps are most likely to occur in someone who sweats excessively while exercising in extreme heat. As our body sweats, salt and other electrolytes are depleted from our muscles. This can lead to painful muscle cramps or spasms. Refer to the table below for signs, symptoms, and appropriate treatment for heat cramps.
Heat Exhaustion:
Heat exhaustion develops over several days after an individual is exposed to high temperatures and has an improper fluid intake. Refer to the table below for signs, symptoms, and appropriate treatment for heat exhaustion.
Heat Stroke:
Heat stroke results when the body is
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